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Data Practices: Individual Resources

Topics: Demographics | Perceptions | School Processes | Student Learning

Demographics

Victoria Bernhardt (1998) identifies 4 types of multiple measures: student learning data, demographic data, perceptual data, and process data.

  • Student learning data, according to Bernhardt, usually refers to "standardized test results, grade point averages, standards assessments, and authentic assessments."
  • School process data informs the community about structures and routines, such as courses to offer, scope and sequence of delivery, annual teacher turnover rates, and typical class sizes. School processes include curriculum, instructional, and assessment practices.
  • Perceptual data illustrates student impressions about teacher instruction, family beliefs about the quality of education and other dimensions of school life, and other beliefs of stakeholders that are usually gathered by conducting surveys or holding conversations.
  • Demographic data is manifested in school variables such as ethnicity, socioeconomic status of families, English language proficiency, and attendance turnover, and is driven by local factors such as employment rates, migration patterns, population density, and local political decisions.

Significant Disproportionality
The PaTTAN website offers resources to calculate significant disproportionality as well as resources to address concerns with/prevent disproportionality.

School-Wide Information System (SWIS) Data
Schools and districts enter their office discipline referral into this comprehensive database which allows for drill down options to evaluate disproportionality in discipline and overall Tier 1 practices in PBIS. It also provides a Check-In/Check-Out option (Tier 2) and Individualized SWIS (Tier 3) as a data repository and report generator. 

Perceptions

Victoria Bernhardt (1998) identifies 4 types of multiple measures: student learning data, demographic data, perceptual data, and process data.

  • Student learning data, according to Bernhardt, usually refers to "standardized test results, grade point averages, standards assessments, and authentic assessments."
  • School process data informs the community about structures and routines, such as courses to offer, scope and sequence of delivery, annual teacher turnover rates, and typical class sizes. School processes include curriculum, instructional, and assessment practices.
  • Perceptual data illustrates student impressions about teacher instruction, family beliefs about the quality of education and other dimensions of school life, and other beliefs of stakeholders that are usually gathered by conducting surveys or holding conversations.
  • Demographic data is manifested in school variables such as ethnicity, socioeconomic status of families, English language proficiency, and attendance turnover, and is driven by local factors such as employment rates, migration patterns, population density, and local political decisions.

Student Engagement Instrument (SEI)
The Student Engagement Instrument (SEI™) is a brief 35 item self-reporting survey measuring cognitive and affective engagement. Data allows school professionals to gain insights into a student's sense of control, intrinsic motivation, and future aspirations (cognitive engagement factors).

Staff Perceptions of Behavior and Discipline (SPBD)
Staff Perceptions of Behavior and Discipline. The SPBD is a staff survey that provides information to help school teams implement schoolwide positive behavior interventions and supports (SWPBIS or PBIS).

School Processes

Victoria Bernhardt (1998) identifies 4 types of multiple measures: student learning data, demographic data, perceptual data, and process data.

  • Student learning data, according to Bernhardt, usually refers to "standardized test results, grade point averages, standards assessments, and authentic assessments."
  • School process data informs the community about structures and routines, such as courses to offer, scope and sequence of delivery, annual teacher turnover rates, and typical class sizes. School processes include curriculum, instructional, and assessment practices.
  • Perceptual data illustrates student impressions about teacher instruction, family beliefs about the quality of education and other dimensions of school life, and other beliefs of stakeholders that are usually gathered by conducting surveys or holding conversations.
  • Demographic data is manifested in school variables such as ethnicity, socioeconomic status of families, English language proficiency, and attendance turnover, and is driven by local factors such as employment rates, migration patterns, population density, and local political decisions.

PaTTAN Behavior Resources for Educators
A user-friendly document aligned to the Danielson framework and allows for self-directed professional learning via webinars, resources, and publications.

College and Career Readiness Training/Toolkit
"This toolkit introduces the PA Career Ready Skills (PA CRS) and Continuum and provides resources for LEA and teacher implementation. The integration of these skills into classrooms and schools is optional; however, when the PA CRS are woven into the mission and vision for each school and implemented into classrooms or whole school approaches with fidelity, schools will improve student capacity to engage in academic learning and better prepare them to meet college and career readiness standards."

Student Learning

Victoria Bernhardt (1998) identifies 4 types of multiple measures: student learning data, demographic data, perceptual data, and process data.

  • Student learning data, according to Bernhardt, usually refers to "standardized test results, grade point averages, standards assessments, and authentic assessments."
  • School process data informs the community about structures and routines, such as courses to offer, scope and sequence of delivery, annual teacher turnover rates, and typical class sizes. School processes include curriculum, instructional, and assessment practices.
  • Perceptual data illustrates student impressions about teacher instruction, family beliefs about the quality of education and other dimensions of school life, and other beliefs of stakeholders that are usually gathered by conducting surveys or holding conversations.
  • Demographic data is manifested in school variables such as ethnicity, socioeconomic status of families, English language proficiency, and attendance turnover, and is driven by local factors such as employment rates, migration patterns, population density, and local political decisions.

The Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA)
PSSAs are standardized assessments that measure proficiency in mathematics, English Language Arts, and science. These assessments are administered to students in grades 3 - 8 annually.

Keystone Exams
The Keystone Exams are end-of-course assessments designed to assess proficiency in the subject areas of Algebra I, Literature, and Biology.

Pennsylvania's Value Added Assessment System
PVAAS is a statistical analysis of Pennsylvania (PA) state assessment data, and provides Pennsylvania districts and schools with growth data to add to achievement data.

Advanced Placement (AP)
Advanced Placement (AP) is a program created by the College Board which offers college-level curricula and examinations to high school students.

Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT)
The SAT is the standardized college admission exam used by most colleges and universities to make entrance decisions.

American College Testing (ACT)
ACT is a standardized college admission exam used by most colleges and universities to make entrance decisions.

Classroom Diagnostics Tools (CDTs) - DRC Insight
The Pennsylvania Classroom Diagnostic Tools (CDT) are a set of online assessments, divided by content areas (Literacy, Mathematics, and Science), and  designed to provide diagnostic information to guide instruction in order to support intervention and enrichment.

Progress Monitoring Data
Building/classroom/ student specific data from various sources.

The Future Ready PA Index
The Future Ready PA Index is a collection of school progress indicators related to school and student success. The Index includes a range of assessment, on-track, and readiness indicators, to more accurately report student learning, growth, and success in the classroom and beyond.